Faculty Sponsor(s)
Eric Schuck
Subject Area
Economics
Description
This study examines how differences in Human Development Index (HDI) influence migration to the United States from Latin American countries, based on the idea that varying levels of development may shape individuals’ ability and incentives to migrate. The analysis uses a regression model that distinguishes between structural variables (Human Development Index and political conflict), economic variables (unemployment), and social variables (homicide rates). Data is drawn from the World Bank, United Nations, and Human Development Reports.
The results show that structural factors are the primary drivers of migration. Human Development Index (HDI) and political conflict are statistically significant and positively associated with migration flows, suggesting that both development and political instability shape migration decisions. In contrast, economic variables such as unemployment and social variables such as homicide rates are not statistically significant. The model explains a large variation in migration flows (R² = 0.974; F = 149.2, p < 0.001).
Overall, the findings suggest that migration to the United States is driven more by structural development and political conditions than by economic drivers alone.
Recommended Citation
Leon Guardado, Viviana, "What Drives Migration to the United States from Latin American Counties?" (2026). Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement. Event. Submission 28.
https://digitalcommons.linfield.edu/symposium/2026/all/28
What Drives Migration to the United States from Latin American Counties?
This study examines how differences in Human Development Index (HDI) influence migration to the United States from Latin American countries, based on the idea that varying levels of development may shape individuals’ ability and incentives to migrate. The analysis uses a regression model that distinguishes between structural variables (Human Development Index and political conflict), economic variables (unemployment), and social variables (homicide rates). Data is drawn from the World Bank, United Nations, and Human Development Reports.
The results show that structural factors are the primary drivers of migration. Human Development Index (HDI) and political conflict are statistically significant and positively associated with migration flows, suggesting that both development and political instability shape migration decisions. In contrast, economic variables such as unemployment and social variables such as homicide rates are not statistically significant. The model explains a large variation in migration flows (R² = 0.974; F = 149.2, p < 0.001).
Overall, the findings suggest that migration to the United States is driven more by structural development and political conditions than by economic drivers alone.